Apart from being the everyday language of instruction, foreign language skills can also help us get a scholarship. Currently, English is still the main language of instruction in various countries. Certification of English language general requested the scholarship is a Test of Home as Foreign Language (TOEFL) and International English Language Testing System (IELTS).
Y Reny in his book Lectures on Foreign Affairs Free publications Daras Book explains, is the TOEFL English proficiency test for foreign speakers (nonbahasa UK) that the certificates are recognized in the thousands of educational institutions and industries in 90 countries. Agencies administering the test is Educational Testing Service (ETS) based in the United States.
There are three formats of the TOEFL test, the computer based test (CBT), paper based test (PBT), and internet-based test (IBT). CBT is the format most commonly used tests of many countries. This test consists of four parts, namely listening (comprehension tests of English spoken by native speakers), structure (structure kemmapuan tests English grammar), reading (reading proficiency test in English), and writing (tests ability to write about a topic in the language UK). Standard of value that we must achieve in CBT is 200-250.
PBT is a test format in the form of paper answered stuffing using 2B pencil. PBT test consists of three parts, namely, listening comprehension (measuring the ability of understanding the English language spoken in North America), structure and written expression (measures the level of ability in English language identification standards of writing), and reading comprehension (ability to read English measure in general). There are also additional tests such as essay writing with a specific topic (test of written Home / TWE). For PBT, minimum score is 550.
IBT is the most recent in a TOEFL format. IBT is similar to CBT, but plus one other test, that is speaking. This test of English language proficiency test orally in accordance with the existing choice of topic. IBT is the default minimum value between 80-120.
Reny explained, there are two types of TOEFL is the International TOEFL and the Institutional TOEFL. International TOEFL score is recognized almost all educational institutions, agencies, and businesses in the world. Erasmus Mundus of the European Union and the Postgraduate Research Fellowships from Australia are two examples of a scholarship program that receives the International TOEFL certificate.
Meanwhile, the Institutional TOEFL score is local. This means that only certain universities that accept or allow prospective students to use the results of the Institutional TOEFL. Some states that accept students based on the Institutional TOEFL include the United States (Fulbright program), Australia (Australian Development Scholarships program / ADS), Netherlands (STUNED program), and Germany (Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst programs / DAAD).
Meanwhile, IELTS is an alternative outside the TOEFL test to measure their ability to follow a lecture or working in countries that use English. IELTS tests carried out in cooperation between the University of Cambridge, British Council and IDP Australia. IELTS certificate is recognized by universities and companies in different countries, mainly in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, England and the United States.
IELTS test consists of two main modules, namely academic and general training module. Academic module function test English proficiency in academics, while more emphasis on training general English proficiency in general and educational aspects. The second module consists of four English language skills, namely listening, reading, writing, and speaking. IELTS score starts from zero to nine (expert user). Usually, the scholarship requires IELTS score between 5.5 to 7.